Migration of trace elements in the body of sheep in the biogeochemical conditions of the Astrakhan region

Abstract

Trace elements play an important role in stabilizing cellular structures, but in conditions of deficiency, they can cause various diseases. The purpose of this study is to present data from monitoring the biogeochemical situation of pasture ecosystems in southern Russia using the example of the Astrakhan region. The content of trace elements was studied in selected samples of the pasture ecosystem, as well as in organs and tissues of Soviet merino sheep in 30 animals. The concentration of trace elements was determined by the atomic absorption method. It has been established that the soil contains the greatest amount, contains manganese and zinc, and the least contains selenium. The greatest accumulation of selenium occurred in the kidneys and digestive organs, which is associated with the processes of absorption and excretion of the trace element in the body. The concentration of copper in the tissues of the body is unevenly distributed. The lowest concentration of a trace element was found in skeletal muscles and bone tissue; in other organs and tissues, the copper content ranged from 12.7 ± 0.05 to 21.2 ± 0.03 mg / kg. According to the content of cobalt, the studied organs and tissues can be arranged in the following order (in descending order): liver (2.21 ± 0.64 mg / kg) - blood (1.26 ± 0.05 mg / kg) - bone tissue (1, 05 ± 0.05 mg / kg) - wall of the small intestine (0.96 ± 0.04 mg / kg) - wall of the abomasum (0.94 ± 0.06 mg / kg) - lungs (0.73 ± 0.004 mg / kg) - spleen (0.70 ± 0.02 mg / kg) - kidneys (0.641 ± 0.03 mg / kg) - muscles (0.05 ± 0.003 mg / kg). A high concentration of manganese is found in bone tissue. In the rest of the studied organs and tissues, the concentration of magnesium ranged from 21.6 ± 1.13 to 48.5 ± 3.13 mg / kg. The largest amount in the body, of all the studied trace elements, contains zinc. The maximum zinc content was determined in the bone tissue and the wall of the abomasum - 165.1 ± 8.6 and 122.0 ± 8.74 mg / kg, respectively, and the lowest - in the blood and spleen - 32.5 ± 2.1 and 38.2 ± 3.21 mg / kg, respectively. The lowest concentration of iodine was found in the spleen and muscles; in the remaining studied tissues and organs, the content of the trace element ranged from 0.22 ± 0.024 to 0.31 ± 0.07 mg / kg.