Yield and grain quality of winter triticale varieties in the Volga region

Abstract

Research on ordinary chernozem is presented to identify new promising varieties for modern technologies of growing winter triticale in arid conditions of the Volga region. In different weather conditions in the years (2019-2021), when testing 17 varieties of winter triticale, it was found out that the highest grain yield had  the Krokha variety – 5.24 t/ha.   The varieties Spika, Cornet, Consul, Valentine 90 were inferior to it by 0.23-0.34 t/ha (4.6-6.9%). According to the grain size, the 97-67T6P20 line stood out – 50.0 g, and the Zubr variety – 46.7 g, Capella – 46.3 g and Cornet – 46.0 g, respectively. The highest natural mass of 725-728 g/l had the varieties Capella and Consul, Lines 97-67T6 P 20. These varieties significantly exceeded Spika, Tornado and Valentine 90 by 23-43 g/l (3.3-6.3%). The protein content in the studied varieties varied from 12.7 to 15.5%, with the highest values in the Tornado feed direction variety – 15.5%. According to the complex of signs, the mass of 1000 grains (46-50 g), the nature of the grain (722-728 g/l) and the protein content (14.0-14.4%), the 97-67T6 P 20 line and the Capella variety were distinguished. Based on the data obtained on the yield and grain quality in the arid conditions of the Volga region, it is recommended to grow Krokha, Spika, Cornet, Consul, Valentine 90, and Gorka varieties.