GEOINFORMATION MONITORING OF VIOLATED DURING THE HANDLING OF SOLID DOMESTIC WASTES OF THE LEFT BANK OF THE VOLGA REGION

Abstract

The results of the development of the system of geoinformation monitoring of the lands of the Saratov region disturbed by solid domestic waste (SDW) are given. Studies to develop the composition and structure of software and information support for GIS monitoring were carried out in 2015-2017 in dry steppe zone of Left Bank Saratov Volga region. The objects of research are elements of the solid waste treatment system in the Soviet and Pugachev municipal districts of the Saratov region (landfills of solid domestic and municipal waste, garbage handling stations). Experimental methods were used in the work - field ecological surveys and theoretical research methods - system and geoinformation analysis, mathematical statistics. It has been proved by monitoring that the landfill of solid domestic and municipal waste of Stepnoye village of the Soviet municipal district of the Saratov region is a dangerous man-made object, as the filtrate formed in the landfill is a highly toxic pollutant of the environment, in which the Cr content is 1.2 times; Mn and Zn times of 1.4; phosphate in 9.7 times; nitrogen oxides in the 22.1 and 174.3 times; ammonium ion is 287 times; oil products in 580 times; sulfate ions 146 times and chlorine ions in 2057 times in certain periods exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. To prevent environmental contamination with solid domestic waste, a GIS monitoring system has been developed. The software and information support of GIS monitoring consists of a digital map of the territory being destroyed by SDW (18 vector layers), an attributive database of observation results (10 relational files); digital three-dimensional models of a relief and a level of ground waters (in a format of a triangular irregular network) and means of geoinformation processing (interpolation) of data.